What Is the Definition of Tone in Art

In art, the term tone describes the quality of color. It has to do with whether  a color is perceived as warm or cold, bright or dull, light or dark, and pure or dirty. The tone of a piece of art can have a variety of effects, from setting the mood to adding emphasis. Youve most likely heard the phrase tone it down. In art, this means to make a color (or an overall color scheme) less vibrant. Conversely, toning it up can mean causing colors to pop out of a piece, sometimes to a rather startling extent. Yet, tone in art goes far beyond this simple analogy. Tone and Value in Art Tone is another word for value, which is one of the core elements in art. Sometimes we use the phrase  tonal value,  though  shade  can be used as well. No matter what you call it, they all mean the same thing: the lightness or darkness of a color. A variety of tones is found in everything around us. The sky, for example, is not a solid shade of blue. Instead, it is an array of blue tones that form a gradient from light to dark. Even an object that is a solid color, such as a brown leather sofa, will have tones when we paint or photograph it. In this case, the tones are created by the way light falls on the object. The shadows and highlights give it dimension, even if it is one uniform color in reality. Global Versus Local Tone In art, a painting may have an overall tone—we call this the global tone. For instance, a cheery landscape may have a vibrant global tone and a gloomy one may have a dark global tone. This specific type of tone can set the mood for the piece and convey an overall message to the viewer. It is one of the tools that artists use to tell us what they want us to feel when we look at their work. Likewise, artists also use local tone. This is a tone that encompasses a particular area within a piece of art. For example, you might see a painting of a harbor on a stormy evening. Overall, it may have a dark global tone, but the artist may choose to add light in the area of a boat as if the clouds were clearing right above it. This area would have a localized light tone and may give the piece a romantic feel. How to See Tone in Colors The easiest way to envision a variation in tone is to think of different shades of gray. Going from the deepest blacks to the brightest whites, you can vary intensity through each step as you move along the grayscale.   A black and white photograph, for instance, is nothing more than an array of tones; the most successful of these have a full range, which adds visual interest. Without the contrast between blacks and whites with various gray tones in between, the image is dull and muddy. When we turn our thoughts to color, the same exercise can be done. Every color can have an endless variety of tones, but it can be hard to see that because the color distracts us. To see the tonal values of colors, we can take away the hue, leaving us with only gray values. Before computers, we had to use a series of monochromatic filters to be able to remove hue from things like paint pigments. However, it is much simpler today: Simply take a picture of an object that is a single color like a green leaf. Put this into any photo editing app and desaturate it or use a black and white filter. The resulting image will show you the great variety of tones available in that color. You may even be surprised at how many tones you see in something you thought was monochromatic.

Movie Review My Opinion - 1763 Words

The movie I decided to watch is called Wedding Crashers. The movie in my opinion is a great movie when you look at it from a sociological standpoint. The two main characters in the movie are John and Jeremy; they’re â€Å"wedding crashers.† What they do is go to different weddings of people they have never even met and try and sleep with the bride maids. They use aliases so no one can notice them and they have a whole back story which is completely fake. They act like they’re part of the family by studying the family’s history this way when people ask them questions they can play it off like they’re a long lost relative so no one will know them. They have the wedding and the reception to â€Å"pick up† a girl that they can sleep with, if not then they go home empty handed, not once in the movie did they go home empty handed. They also follow a rule book for crashing weddings that was passed down from them from a former crasher named Chaz. A f ew examples of the rules are: never leave a fellow crasher behind, don’t fall in love, never talk to the parents for too long, these are just a few, and they have a bunch more. The plot of the movie mainly takes place when John meets Claire at a wedding; he and Jeremy are supposed to be crashing. John ends up falling for Claire and everyone can see it, but little does he know Claire has a boyfriend named Sack. Mean-time Jeremy is hooking up with Claire’s sister Gloria, who Jeremy thinks is crazy. Jeremy wants to leave the reception, John wants toShow MoreRelatedReflection Paper About Movie Review1058 Words   |  5 Pagescontent of my paper. In English 160 I wrote various papers in different genres which include a film review, an annotated bibliography, and an argumentative essay. While writing the film review my main goal is to persuade the audience to watch the movie or not depending on my view of the film. As I wrote the film review I had to look over other film reviews to get an idea what type of language should be used, and the type of format it should be written in. Most of the time the reviews were shortRead MoreSomething s Got Ta Give1026 Words   |  5 PagesSomething’s Gotta Give is an award winning movie written by Nancy Meyers. This romantic drama is greatly known for its middle-aged comedic relief because it highlights the sexual encounters between an old bachelor and a cougar of a woman. The reviews written by Roger Ebert, A.O. Scott and Christopher Orr are about the movie Something’s Gotta Give which will include an opinion on the strengths and weaknesses of how each review is written. Roger Ebert’s 2003 movie review of Something’ Gotta Give was moreRead MoreRobert Ebert s The Wizard Of Oz1361 Words   |  6 Pagesthese movies and write reviews to help narrow down what movies to and not to view. One of these critics is Robert Ebert. Robert Ebert is an honorable critic to base judgements off of because he does an exceptional job summarizing the plot, stating his personal opinions, and speaking about the actors/director’s roles in the film. Summarizing the plot of a film without giving away too many details and spoiling the story is one of the most important part about writing a movie review. Robert Elbert hasRead MoreEssay about The Birdcage1544 Words   |  7 PagesThe Birdcage What attracts us to the movie theatre on Friday nights? Is it the commercials we see? Or is it all the gossip we hear from friends and TV talk shows? Well for many, it is the critiques we read and hear almost every day. One who specializes in the professional evaluation and appreciation of literary or artistic works is a critic. The profession of movie criticism is one of much diversity. Reviews range anywhere from phenomenal to average. Not only are movies created for theRead MorePleasantville1586 Words   |  7 PagesUtopia/Dystopia Dr. Viau Pleasantville Pleasantville is a great movie with many hidden messages. The not so obvious but informative messages are one of best aspects of this nineties flick. The special effects are impressive considering this movie is indeed from the nineties. Pleasantville touches base on many actual conflicts in America and throughout history in the most subtle but blunt way. My favorite thing about this movie is how it takes this blind community and shows them what they neverRead More Anne Frank Essay636 Words   |  3 Pagesfollowing paragraphs you will be reading a summary or a â€Å"movie review†, what ever might call it, about Anne Frank. At the end of the review I will write about my opinion to the movie. The characters in this movie were great actors. They acted so realistic that it looked as if it was occurring live from the scene of the action. All of the characters were excellent , especially the women when they got their hair cut off in the concentration camp. The movie showed some scenes of Adolph Hitler when he was announcingRead MoreFilm Critique : What Makes A Good Mystery?1750 Words   |  7 Pages Film Critique Introduction What makes a good Mystery? What has to happen for the suspense of the mystery to be affective? Should there be an exciting twist within the suspense of the movie for the mystery to take place? Is it the unknown of the storyline that makes the mystery compelling and exciting? Where there are dark places, law breaker, and a twisted plot with some uncertainty are typical sign of a mystery film. The suspense of the story draw you in and the twisted surprising conclusionsRead More Pointless Violence in the Movie (Film), Natural Born Killers566 Words   |  3 PagesPointless Violence in the Movie (Film), Natural Born Killers Daily, the public is bombarded with violence, not only on television, but also in other media, such as newspapers and tabloids. Natural Born Killers, a prime example of violence in the media, is a movie about two lovers, Mickey and Mallory Knox, who go on a killing spree across the Southwest. The movie takes a satirical look at how the media romanticizes violent crimes. Natural Born Killers has sparked a lot of controversy, as seenRead MoreProfessional Review Quotes About Music Are Mixed And Tell About How They Are Talking About It1604 Words   |  7 Pages*professional review-quotes about music are mixed and tell about how they are talking about music, more details. My group and I decided to review the movie Rent. Rent was released in 2005. The film, also a musical, was an adaptation of a broadway stage play. It follows the lives of several characters in the late 1980s and into the early 1990s. The film covers the topics of many horrible things that were affecting the lives of many people back in that time era. The topics include poverty, HIV/AIDSRead MoreThe Review By Rodrigo Perez Of Quentin Terentino s Django Unchained1159 Words   |  5 PagesThe review written by Rodrigo Perez of Quentin Terentino’s Django Unchained, is excellent and very well written. However, the review makes a mockery of one of Terentino’s best films. Quentin Terentino is a popular film maker. He has made films including: Pulp Fiction, Django Unchained, Hateful 8, Kill Bill, Reservoir Dogs, and many more. Django Unchained is about a slave named Django who is purchased by bounty hunter, Dr. Shultz. Dr. Shultz takes Django under his wing to help him along th e way. In

Market Segmentation of Mattel Inc Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Market Segmentation of Mattel Inc. Answer: Mattel Inc. market segmentation: Demographic: This segment of Mattel consists of gender, nationality and household size. The Mattel should target and advertise for both the group of genders and should consider the age till 14 years, as to introduce more new toys for this age group. The first age group of 0-3 years comprising of infants and toddlers, next is of age group 4-6 years comprising of pre-school children and last is age group of 7-13 comprising of school going kids (Wedel Kamakura, 2012). The primary school going kids segment can be targeted by introducing innovative toys. Moreover the company can also target other segment by developing learning toys to make them learn as well while playing. Potential of current target market: Mattel can find significant sales revenue targeting boys of age 6-11. It is a segment which is fascinated by world of television like fascination for superheroes toys. In this segment boys like watching video, novels related to superheroes, video games of superheroes and many more. So this segment can easily be targeted with current trend analysis and applying those trends in Mattel. For targeting youngster girls Mattel created products of unconventional looking dolls, monster doll and many more. The girls of this age can be attracted by creating new types of monster doll, as Barbie has become very old. The monster doll instead proves very appealing to this age group and can easily be influenced by proper strategy and marketing (Patino, et al., 2012). Psychographics: This segment will help Mattel to find out the lifestyle, personality traits and values of people. The above factors will be enabling Mattel to find out the needs and demands of family, trends in toy sector and many more. For instance if the families are active and keeps on going for outdoor activities will be targeted by Mattel preferably more than religious family (Andreiana, Stoica Ivan, 2014). Moreover the modern family will purchase more frequently video games and toys for their kids then conservative family. Mattel can target Australian mothers, grandparents and elders who want to give gift to childrens. These people buy toys for cherishing their kids. This segment can be targeted, as they keep on purchasing new and unique types of toys. The Mattel created new products like baby panda care, educational toys, religion toys and many more, which will attract this target group to compulsorily buy products from Mattel. The information will help Mattel to create promotions for company more practically, rather than guessing. Geographic: As Mattel is a global company and located all over the world. Therefore the company can target other countries to introduce their product and become a famous brand in every possible country. The segmentation in geographic areas can be done Mattel through population in country, cities and many more (Goldberg, et al., 2015). Then after deciding segment company should focus on best way like regional retail stores to introduce Mattels product. The Mattel should create speaking toys in regional language of Australia to attract new segments easily. Mattel can target youngsters audiences in Australias school and college who are very much attracted towards science and chemistry. This can be targeted by identifying these individuals through various sources and can enable them to purchase Mattel new products of learning while playing in science and chemistry. This will not only enhance learning of students but will increase Mattel image as well in versatility of products. The Mattel can also create new target market according to geographic requirements of country. The requirement and demands should be pre-analysed for doing the segment. If Mattel is choosing some region to enter like rural where low income groups are not in reach of Mattel. Then it can be targeted by creating and developing low cost and durable product enabling rural people as well to purchase the toys of company. The company should be looking for densely populated area in which toys can be easily sold and produced with ease. Behavioral characteristics: This segment focuses mainly on occasion and usage of products. As Mattel is large organisation, so this segment plays significant role in designing and implementing marketing plans for company. The occasions like birthdays of kids, Christmas and many more is very important for parents (Sulekha Mor, 2014). This segment also considers the usage of product. The usage can be defined like purchasing group is regular user of product. As in case of toys usage will be considered by frequency of purchase by customers, as this will help Mattel to divide its customers in segment of regular or irregular purchaser. This segmentation will help customers as well as frequent purchasers will be given more preference and offers rather than irregular shoppers. Purchasing on events is the primary type of behavioral division. Items, for example, chocolates and premium toys will gifted on celebrations. Toys stores like Mattel will offer when there is a party. In this way these items are for the most part focused by behavioral segmentation. The best case of focusing on a conduct of purchasing on events is birthdays cards, welcoming cards, occasion cards for all events. The essential targeting of cards and gifts was that be it any event, customers will locate the correct and apt card for the event. In this manner Mattel have the ideal alternative to convey what is the demand in the market. Assessment of STP: The Mattel Inc can use the target market by using appropriate strategies Psychographic characteristics: Targeting this segment Mattel can appeal more precisely to inspirations through social media, which increase adaptation rate. This segment can be reached by using a proper means of media like television, discount offers, and many more schemes through which the family, mothers and many more will be compelled to buy the toys for children (Veloso Campomar, 2012). The Mattel can use latest trend and launch its fashionable product which will allure not only young girls but their families as well. This can be done by opening fashion outlets for girls showing trendy toys and products. Demographic and geographic: The target market set by Mattel will be profitable as teenagers and young boys require new toys according to market. Mattel entering to the target market not only enhance the revenue but as well will be able to increase the demand among childrens. The market decided can be targeted through promotion, marketing, demonstration and many more in places where this age group can easily be reached. For instance Mattel can do promotional activity in parks, T.V, schools and many more places to attract childrens to purchase Mattels newly launched toys. Behavioural characteristics: The behavioural segment can be targeted by Mattel through special discounts, offers, gifts and many more on occasions so that target group like family, parents and relatives would prefer buying toys and gifts from Mattel rather than any other brand. Moreover to retain these customers in long run Mattel should give special benefits to loyal customers. References: Andreiana, V. A., Stoica, C. G., and Ivan, C. D. (2014). Influence Of Marketing Environment On The Toy Market.SEA-Practical Application of Science, (2), 48-54. Goldberg, R., Peiss, Kathy, Licht, Walter, Serlin, David, Sugrue, Thomas. (2015).Children's Toys, Social Change, and the Business of Culture in the United States during the 1960s and 1970s,ProQuest Dissertations and Theses. Patino, A., Kaltcheva, V. D., Lingelbach, D., Pitta, D. A. (2012). Segmenting the toy industry: a study of pre-teen Millennials.Journal of Consumer Marketing,29(2), 156-162. Sulekha, O., Mor, K. (2014). Market segmentation in the age of diversity: A necessity of marketers.European Journal of Business and Management,6(14), 181-183. Veloso, A. R., Campomar, M. C. (2012). Segmentation and Positioning in the Brazilian Kids Market: A Case Study on the Bottom of the Pyramid.Revista Administrao em Dilogo-RAD,14(1). Wedel, M., Kamakura, W. A. (2012).Market segmentation: Conceptual and methodological foundations(Vol. 8). Springer Science Business Media.

Prison overcrowding free essay sample

Prison Overcrowding in California Alarming issues that causes society to stir up continue to expand every day. Some of these issuesinclude the educational system, existing healthcare laws, unemployment and economic matters,and the water crisis†¦ all of which are major problems in California. One major problem, however, is often ignored. Over the past two to three decades, California’s prison population has grown by 750 percent (â€Å"California’s Continuing Prison Crisis†). As this percentage continues to increase, inmates are suffering in prison cells, officials are negotiating over the issue, and the public is protesting to make their opinions count. The prison crisis has continued to expand over the years, causing a great uproar among all of California’s thirty-two state prisons. Prison overcrowding has been an increasingly vital issue since the mid-1970s. Due to many different factors that directly relate to imprisonment such as increased punishment for crimes, carefully monitored drug laws, new criminal offenses, and a high recidivism rate, a large amount of inmates have been deprived of proper treatment while other ill mannered behavior has broken out within the prisons. We will write a custom essay sample on Prison overcrowding or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A few main causes of overcrowding include an increase in returning customers and the effects of the â€Å"Three Strikes and You’re Out† law. These two factors play the greatest role in overcrowding as the numbers of inmates continue to double and then triple over the years. Overcrowding prison systems in California has affected its inmates to an unimaginable extent. Some targeted issues that have occurred due to overcrowding include health and safety risks within the prisons, an increase of violence and transmission of infectious illnesses, riots breaking out in some local cities, hunger strikes involving tens of thousands of inmates, and a decrease in opportunities for self-improvement and rehabilitative programs. Prison overcrowding in California is an urgent and imperative issue that must be taken care of immediately before it grows out of the people’s reach. After years of controversy and a timeline of events over the decades-long saga, people are able to understand how much the growth of imprisonment has increased over the years. In September 1995, California’s mental health programs were placed under special control after a federal judge criticized state officials of improper psychiatric healthcare for inmates. Seven years later, in January 2002, another class-action law suit regarding inadequate medical care in prisons is addressed and settled. During this time, California agreed to overhaul its healthcare programs by 2008. In July 2005, a federal judge declared control of the state prison healthcare system. By August 2009, a three-judge panel ordered for prisons to be at a 137. 5% capacity. In order to follow constitutional standards, 43,000 inmates must be released within the next two years. In May 2011, an additional 33,000 inmates must be released from the prisons. Officials began sending nonviolent offenders to county jails rather than state prisons in order to reduce overcrowding. This realignment process did not reduce the prison population enough by January 2013, and overcrowding was still a vital issue. In this time period, Governor Jerry Brown declared that the prison crisis is over and called for a return to state controls. By June 2013, federal judges were still not satisfied with Brown’s perspective on the prison issue, and ordered for an additional 9,600 inmates to be removed by the end of 2013. Two months later, in August 2013, Brown appealed the order to the U. S. Supreme Court and announced a plan to house inmates in private prisons and other facilities (Megerian). Prison overcrowding in California has become an increasingly alarming issue because the numbers continue to grow over the years. In a graph reported by the U. S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, the annual percent change in state prison populations shows an increase of either 1%, 2%, or 3% from the year 2000 to 2008. California and Texas, reported as two of the largest crime states, contribute to these statistics (Sauter). Also reported by the U. S. Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics, the U. S. houses more inmates than the top thirty-five European countries combined. The overcrowded prison crisis in California is in need of immediate attention as its conditions continue to worsen. Hundreds of inmates are crammed into a gymnasium room, unsanitary conditions exist throughout the prisons, human rights are neglected, and hunger strikes have broken out (UN Torture). Don Specter, a long time defense lawyer who has spent years petitioning the state, reported to The Los Angeles Times, â€Å"Prisoners are getting injured and dying because of poor care. California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation has never taken its obligation to provide basic healthcare seriously† (UN Torture). Not only has overcrowded prisons affected inmates and their family, but prison officials, state officials, federal judges, and the public are affected as well. Some main causes of prison overcrowding in California include a high recidivism rate, the â€Å"Three Strikes and You’re Out† law, new criminal offenses added to the penal code, and strict drug policies. Recidivism, reported as the number one reason for overcrowded prisons, release inmates, allow them to return home, and then welcome them back into prison after they have committed new crimes or violated parole rules. The Pew Research Center, an American think tank that provides information directly related to social issues, public opinions, and demographic trends shaping the U. S. , reported that California has the second highest rate of recidivism in the country. Nearly fifty-eight percent of the states offenders are sent back to prison within three years of their release, according to the Pew Center (McDonald). Another main reason of prison overcrowding is the â€Å"Three Strikes and You’re Out† Law, passed in 1994. The Three Strikes Law imposed a life sentence for almost any crime, no matter how minor, if the defendant had committed two serious or violent crimes beforehand. This new law created by the California Penal Code plays a major factor in prison overcrowding as the numbers of inmates continue to grow due to multiple crimes. According to students that had taken part in Three Strikes Project at Stanford Law School, â€Å"Statistics from the California Department of Corrections show that the law disproportionately affects minority populations. Over 45 percent of inmates serving life sentences under the Three Strikes law are African American. The Three Strikes law is also applied disproportionately against mentally ill and physically disabled defendants† (Stanford Three Strikes Project). Lastly, the â€Å"War on Drugs,† a set of drug policies that are intended to discourage the production, distribution, and consumption on drugs, has been sending nonviolent offenders to prisons for minimal drug crimes. The number of offenders in prison due to drug crimes has skyrocketed since the past few decades. Effects of prison overcrowding include health and safety risks, increase of violence within the prisons, inappropriate riots and behavior, hunger strikes, and a decrease in opportunities for self-improvement. Donald Spector, director of Prison Law Office of Berkeley, California, reported that there is substantial risk to the health and safety of workers inside the prisons (Spector). In order to express their anger toward long term, solitary confinement, inmates have gathered into groups to perform uncontrolled riots and peaceful hunger strikes. Last January, California Governor Jerry Brown declared that the prison crisis was over, but the issue has only deepened with hunger strikes. As the hunger strike against solitary confinement in California prisons enters a critical sixth week, Governor Jerry Brown is preparing to force-feed scores of inmates rather than meet any of their demands for improved conditions. Due to overcrowding and lack of space and freedom within the prisons, inmates are unable to participate in self-improvement and rehabilitative programs. Some solutions can be offered to fix this overcrowding issue. For instance, sentences for drug offense should be cut down. There are 219,000 inmates in the federal prisons system compared with 25,000 in 1980, and about half are there for drug offense (Spector). Another solution is that more prisoners can reduce their sentences through credit for good behavior. Criminals are sent to prisons to be punished for their crimes, serve their sentences, as well as enter a process of self-improvement. With self-improvement, they should be able to ear good credit and reduce their sentences. Elderly prisoners should also be released. According to a study from the Bureau of Prisons custody, after the age of 55, people who are released from prison are highly unlikely to commit new crimes (Spector). Other ideas to reduce overcrowding within California’s prisons include promoting participation in rehabilitation programs and creating opportunities for exercise, sports, cultural and religious activities. In addition, alternatives can be considered such as community based punishments rather than prison for non-dangerous offenders. Although many solutions are offered to reduce the prison crisis, a few obstacles stand in the way. A few main obstacles that stand in the way of solving this issue are time, money, and controversy among officials. For Fiscal Year 2013-2014, the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) was allocated a total of $8,961,368,000. As the numbers of prisoners continue to increase over the years, the state cannot afford to fix this issue in time. As time passes, inmates continue to double, and then triple. In addition, federal judges and state officials are involved in a constitutional crisis, as the two sides disagree over the prison issue and how it should be solved. Overcrowding is a vital issue in California that must be addressed immediately. Toavoid it by any means, people should avoid going to prison.